Lundi 03/06/2019
11h

Salle IBCP Conf

Séminaire externe

Catherine VÉNIEN-BRYAN (Université Pierre et Marie Curie).

Invited by P. Falson

Lundi 03/06/2019
11h

Salle Condorcet

Séminaire Externe

Justin CROCKER (EMBL Heidelberg)

Host: Yad Ghavi-Heim

Mardi 11/06/2019
11h

Amphi Pasteur

Dr Elisa FANUNZA Laboratory of Molecular Virology University of Cagliary, Italy)

Contact : branka.horvat@inserm.fr

Ebola virus (EBOV) is highly pathogenic virus causing fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans. The 2013–2016 outbreak resulted in over 28000 infections with more than 11000 deaths and subsequent Ebola outbreak in Congo is still ongoing. Despite particular attention has been focused on the development of anti-EBOV agents, there is still no FDA-approved drug to fight the virus in case of any new epidemic. Considering the tight correlation between the high virulence and the suppression of the Interferon (IFN) system by EBOV, finding molecules targeting viral protein VP24, one of the main virulence determinants, is emerging as a promising novel anti-EBOV therapy approach. We performed a screening of different flavonoids with the aim to identify VP24 inhibitors and potential hits for drug development. Among the screened compounds, Quercetin was the most active compound, leading to an almost complete restoration of the IFN signaling cascade and thus representing a promising hit for further drug development.

Mercredi 12/06/2019

11H00

Amphi Pasteur

Séminaire Externe

Dr. Ron DISKIN (Weizmann Institute of Science Department of Structural Biology - Rehovot, Israël)

contact : mathieu.mateo@pasteur.fr

Viral hemorrhagic fevers are devastating human diseases that pose a significant risk to millions of people worldwide. Many of the viruses that cause hemorrhagic fevers are highly contagious and may hence cause outbreaks. The Arenaviridae family of viruses includes some notorious pathogens like the ‘Old World’ Lassa virus in Africa and a series of deadly ‘New World’ viruses in South America that cause hemorrhagic fevers in Brazil, Bolivia, Venezuela, and Argentina. In recent years we have been characterizing surface glycoproteins from various Arenaviruses to elucidate how these viruses locate their target cells and ultimately penetrate to them. For that, we mainly utilize structural and biochemical approaches that allow us to obtain molecular-level insights for the viral entry processes. During my talk, various molecular mechanisms that Lassa virus is utilizing to make its cell entry more efficient compared to other viruses from this family will be discussed. Also, a mechanism that helps Lassa virus to subvert host humoral immune response during infection will be presented alongside the implications of our findings to other Arenaviruses. In addition, I will address the molecular basis for selective use of TfR1 orthologs by ‘New World’ Arenaviruses and how we utilized this knowledge to develop a novel immunotherapeutic approach against these viruses.

Mardi 12/06/2019

11H00

Salle Condorcet

Séminaire externe
 

Sabine MULLER (ZMBP Tübingen, RFA)

host: Marie-Cécile Caillaud

Lundi 17/06/2019

11h30

Amphi Pasteur

Forum infectiologie "spécialité Immunologie"

Dr. Philippe PIERRE Directeur du CIML – Marseille-Luminy)

contact : marlene.dreux@ens-lyon.fr

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress triggers or amplifies inflammatory signals and cytokines production in immune cells. The inducible phosphatase 1 co-factor GADD34/PPP1R15A, that selectively mediates eIF2a-P dephosphorylation after ER-stress has been shown to regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferon expression in dendritic cells (DCs). GADD34 expression is required for IFN synthesis upon cytosolic dsRNA sensing by fibroblasts and we provide further evidence that production of type-I IFN is linked to cell’s ability to enter PKR dependent-translational arrest and then overcome this inhibition by decreasing eIF2α phosphorylation through GADD34 expression. We also investigated how pharmacological interference with the eIF2a-P pathway can be beneficial for the treatment of immune pathological conditions, such as type-I interferon-dependent auto-inflammatory diseases. Recently, several amino-guanidines compounds, such as guanabenz (GBZ), have been shown to perturb the eIF2a phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle, and using both mouse and human DCs, as well as B cells, we show that GBZ prevents endosomal toll-like-receptor 9 (TLR9) activation by CpG ODN or DNA-Immunoglobulin Complexes. In vivo, GBZ treatment protects mice from CpG-dependent cytokine shock and decreases anti-nucleic acid auto-antibodies production in the TMPD-induced systemic lupus erythematosus mode.

Jeudi 20/06/2019

11h

Amphi Pasteur

Séminaire externe

Dr. David ENARD (University of Arizona, USA) contact : lucie.etienne@ens-lyon.fr

 In the past decade, population genetics research has undergone a remarkable paradigm shift as Kimura’s classic “neutral theory of molecular evolution” has been swept aside in light of new research that finds that adaptation is pervasive across animal genomes. The magnitude of this revelation has made clear that population geneticists know very little about the selective pressures in the environment that have been powerful enough to drive staggering levels of adaptation at the genomic level. My work examines the intersection of quantitative evolutionary genomics and environmental and ecological contexts to give a broader understanding to the recent developments in the field. My research is articulated around two main axes: (I) the development of novel population genetics methods to quantify adaptation genome-wide and (II) the identification of the ecological causes of adaptation, with a particular focus on ancient epidemics. In my talk, I will show how abundant signals of adaptation in human genomes can be harnessed to study ancient epidemics where specific human host populations harbor the genomic footprints of ancient arms races with specific pathogens. I will also present how the approach I have developed to quantify ancient epidemics in human evolution can be used more broadly to study diverse selective pressures in the context of ecological genomics.

Vendredi 21/06/2019 11H00

Amphi Schrodinger

Séminaire externe

Pablo NAVARRO (Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, EPIC unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France)

Hôte : Equipe Bernard

Replication and mitosis ensure the equal partition of the genetic information between daughter cells. However, both events entail major chromatin reorganisation, the loss of TF binding, and the invasion of regulatory elements by nucleosomes. While the importance of self-propagated epigenetic marks in guiding the re-establishment of gene regulatory complexes after replication and mitosis is commonly accepted, whether and how sequence-specific Transcription Factors (TFs) are directly involved is unclear. We will show that the TFs Esrrb and CTCF, but not others like Oct4 and Sox2, display an extremely efficient capacity to displace nucleosomes from their binding sites and locally organise large and phased nucleosomal arrays in interphase, minutes after the passage of the replication fork, and also during mitosis. These results unequivocally link TF activity to the preservation of nucleosome organisation throughout the cell-cycle, complementing epigenetic mechanisms that propagate chromatin modifications associated with transcriptional control.

Mardi 25/06/2019

Day

Domaine St Joseph

12Th annual meeting

To what extent the lab can mimic the natural environment of living organisms, plant, animal, microbe ?
How to reproduce the physiological cellular 3D/microenvironment (immune response, homeostasis, ...) of a given tissue in the lab ?
How to produce massive amount of proteins while ensuring their native structure ?

All these questions beg technological and scientific considerations to optimize the experimental design. In this context, the next SFR Biosciences Day proposes an exchange on the subject of « Controlled experimental environments: from cells to ecosystems ».

The goal of this conference is to promote exchange between scientists and to offer an opportunity to learn more of the latest technical and scientific developments carried out by the teams and platforms of the SFR BioSciences. The organizing committee : François Leulier, Jérome Lafont, Amandine Blanco, Olivier Reynard, Fabienne Archer, Mohammed Bendahmane

Vendredi 28/06/2019

11H00

SdT CRC

Séminaire externe

Robert FIEL (Institut de génétique moléculaire de Montpellier)

Hôte : Equipe Palladino