Juin 2022
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Lundi 01/06/2022 Amphi Pasteur Séminaire Externe |
« Systematic and quantitative view of the antiviral arsenal of prokaryotes » | |
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Dr. Aude BERNHEIM (Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany)
Hôte : Frederic LAURENT - frederic.laurent@univ-lyon1.fr Bacteria and archaea have developed multiple antiviral mechanisms, and genomic evidence indicates that several of these antiviral systems co-occur in the same strain. Here, we introduce DefenseFinder, a tool that automatically detects known antiviral systems in prokaryotic genomes. We use DefenseFinder to analyse 21000 fully sequenced prokaryotic genomes, and find that antiviral strategies vary drastically between phyla, species and strains. Variations in composition of antiviral systems correlate with genome size, viral threat, and lifestyle traits. DefenseFinder will facilitate large-scale genomic analysis of antiviral defense systems and the study of host-virus interactions in prokaryotes.
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Vendredi 03/06/2022 Webinar Séminaire Externe |
« Zebrafish Neuromesodermal Progenitors Undergo a Critical State Transition in vivo » | |
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Kane TOH (Genomics and Data Analytics Core (GeDaC), National University of Singapore)
Hôte : O. Gandrillon
The transition state model of cell differentiation proposes that a transient window of gene expression stochasticity precedes entry into a differentiated state. As this has been assessed primarily in vitro, we sought to explore whether it can also be observed in vivo. Zebrafish neuromesodermal progenitors (NMps) differentiate into spinal cord and paraxial mesoderm at the late somitogenesis stages. We observed an increase in gene expression variability at the 24 somite stage (24ss) prior to their differentiation. From our analysis of a published 18ss scRNA-seq dataset, we showed that the NMp population possesses a signature consistent with a population undergoing a critical transition. By building in silico composite gene expression maps from our image data, we were able to assign an ‘NM index’ to each in silico NMp based on the cumulative expression of its neural and mesodermal markers. With the NM index distributions, we demonstrated that cell population heterogeneity of the NMps peaked at 24ss. We then incorporated stochasticity and non-autonomy into a genetic toggle switch model and uncovered the existence of rebellious cells, which we then confirmed by reexamining the composite maps. Taken together, our work supports the transition state model within an endogenous cell fate decision making event.
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Lundi 13/06/2022 IBCP salle de conférence Séminaire Externe |
« Using quantitative reporter systems to examine mechanisms and modulators of type IV secretion in Helicobacter pylori » | |
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Wolfgang FISCHER (Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany)
Host : L .Terradot
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Lundi 13/06/2022 11H00 Salle Condorcet Séminaire Externe |
« Recent advances in maize doubled haploid technology » | |
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Thomas LÜBBERSTEDT (Iowa State University)
Host : Thomas Widiez
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Mardi 14/06/2022 11H00 SdT CRC Séminaire externe |
« New strategies to combat pathogenic bacteria: the example of Neisseria meningitidis » | |
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Dr. Sandrine BOURDOULOUS (Inserm U1016-CNRS UMR8104-Université de Paris-Institut Cochin)
Contact: Patricia DOUBLET - p.doublet14@icloud.com
Our team has a long-standing interest in vascular cell biology in the context of infection and inflammation, in particular at the central nervous system level, where the blood-brain barrier tightly controls neuronal environment. Vascular endothelial cells are major targets of sepsis-induced events. A wide range of invasive pathogens directly target endothelial cells and affect most aspects of endothelial cell biology, leading to edema, occlusive clotting, excessive inflammation and organ failure. Among them, Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus) is still a leading cause of two rare but devastating invasive diseases: meningitis and severe sepsis (purpura fulminans). We have developed interdisciplinary approaches to elucidate the intricated network of interactions and molecular strategies elicited by this bacterial pathogen to colonize human vasculature, promote vascular dysfunction and get access to the brain. Our original research led to the identification of innovative therapeutic strategies to combat bacteria-induced severe endothelial dysfunction. We identified compounds against Type IV pili, a major virulence factor required to promote vascular colonization, and which is found in numerous bacterial pathogens. More recently, we identified a potent vascular stabilization factor conferring protection against severe sepsis.
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Lundi 27/06/2022 11h00 IBCP Salle de conférence Séminaire externe |
« Multiscale molecular modeling of cellular condensates » | |
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Alessandro BARDUCCI (Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Montpellier)
Host : L. Monticelli
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Mardi 28/06/2022 16H00 Visio Séminaire externe |
« The formation and role of resident memory T cells in skin inflammatory diseases » | |
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Dr. Thomas KUPPER (Brigham and Women's Hospital; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Harvard Medical School)
Contact: Marc Vocanson
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